What Are Flat Hats Called and How Did They Get Their Name?

AvatarByAndrea Broussard Accessories

When it comes to classic headwear, flat hats hold a timeless appeal that transcends fashion trends and generations. Often spotted in vintage photographs, period dramas, and contemporary street style alike, these hats carry a distinct charm and cultural significance. But what exactly are flat hats called, and what makes them such enduring icons in the world of fashion?

Flat hats encompass a variety of styles characterized by their low-profile crowns and broad, flat brims or visors. They have been embraced by different communities and eras, each lending their own unique twist to the design. From casual outings to formal occasions, these hats have served both practical and stylistic purposes, making them versatile accessories with rich histories.

Understanding the terminology and origins behind flat hats opens a window into their cultural relevance and evolving popularity. As you delve deeper, you’ll discover the names, features, and stories that define these hats, shedding light on why they continue to captivate hat enthusiasts and fashion lovers around the globe.

Types of Flat Hats and Their Characteristics

Flat hats encompass a variety of styles, each distinguished by subtle differences in shape, brim width, and cultural associations. Understanding these distinctions helps in identifying and choosing the appropriate flat hat for different occasions and fashion preferences.

One of the most recognizable flat hats is the flat cap, also known as a “newsboy cap” or “Gatsby cap.” Traditionally made from tweed, wool, or cotton, flat caps feature a rounded crown with a small, stiff brim at the front. The crown is usually sewn to the brim, giving the hat its characteristic flat silhouette.

Another related style is the newsboy cap, which often appears similar to the flat cap but typically has a fuller, more rounded crown composed of multiple panels, sometimes with a button on top. This style gained popularity in the early 20th century, worn by newspaper boys and working-class men, hence the name.

The ivy cap is a close cousin to the flat cap but has a sleeker, more fitted profile. It sits closer to the head and usually has a shorter brim. Ivy caps are often associated with a refined, classic look and are commonly crafted from wool or cotton blends.

Additionally, the driver cap is a variation of the flat cap, often with a slightly elongated brim and a thinner profile. It is associated with driving and outdoor activities, providing both style and sun protection.

Hat Type Shape Material Brim Common Use/Association
Flat Cap Rounded, flat crown Tweed, wool, cotton Small, stiff, sewn to crown Casual and country wear
Newsboy Cap Full, paneled crown with button Tweed, wool, cotton Small, stiff, sewn to crown Working-class, early 1900s fashion
Ivy Cap Sleek, fitted crown Wool, cotton blends Short, stiff Refined, urban style
Driver Cap Elongated crown Wool, cotton Longer, flexible brim Driving, outdoor activities

Materials and Construction Techniques

Flat hats are traditionally crafted from natural fibers, which provide durability, comfort, and breathability. Wool and tweed are the most common materials used, prized for their warmth and texture. Cotton and cotton blends offer lighter alternatives, suitable for warmer climates or seasons.

The construction of flat hats involves several key techniques:

  • Panel Stitching: Multiple fabric panels are sewn together to shape the crown. Newsboy caps often have eight panels converging at the top, while flat caps usually have fewer panels.
  • Brim Attachment: The brim is typically sewn directly to the crown, providing a seamless look. In some designs, the brim is stiffened internally with plastic or cardboard for structure.
  • Lining: Many flat hats include a lining made from silk, satin, or cotton to enhance comfort and prolong the hat’s life.
  • Sweatband: Inside the hat, a sweatband made of leather or fabric absorbs moisture and improves fit.

These traditional methods combine craftsmanship with functional design, resulting in hats that are both stylish and practical.

Styling Tips for Wearing Flat Hats

Flat hats offer versatile styling options that can complement various outfits, from casual to semi-formal. Here are some expert tips for incorporating flat hats into your wardrobe:

  • Pair a tweed flat cap with a wool coat and leather boots for a classic autumn or winter look.
  • Use an ivy cap to add a refined touch to a blazer and chinos ensemble.
  • Opt for a newsboy cap when aiming for a vintage-inspired style, matching it with suspenders or a vest.
  • Choose lighter cotton flat hats during spring or summer to maintain breathability and comfort.
  • Consider the brim angle: tilting the hat slightly forward can create a relaxed vibe, while positioning it squarely enhances a polished appearance.

Flat hats also work well with casual jackets, scarves, and even tailored suits, making them a flexible accessory for various occasions.

Care and Maintenance of Flat Hats

Proper care is essential to preserve the shape and appearance of flat hats. Follow these guidelines for maintenance:

  • Cleaning: Use a soft brush to remove dust and dirt. For wool and tweed hats, spot clean with a damp cloth and mild detergent. Avoid submerging the hat in water.
  • Storage: Store hats on a hat stand or in a box to maintain their shape and prevent crushing. Avoid hanging flat hats by the brim as this can distort the structure.
  • Protection: Use a fabric protector spray suitable for wool or cotton to guard against stains and moisture.
  • Reshaping: If the hat loses its shape, gently steam it and reshape by hand, allowing it to dry naturally.
  • Avoid Heat: Keep hats away from direct heat sources to prevent shrinking or damage to the fibers.

By following these care practices, flat hats can remain a stylish and functional part of your wardrobe for many years.

Common Names for Flat Hats

Flat hats are characterized by their low-profile crown and flat or slightly rounded top. They have been popular across different cultures and time periods, often associated with specific social classes, professions, or fashion trends. The terminology for flat hats varies depending on their style, origin, and cultural context.

Some of the most widely recognized names for flat hats include:

  • Flat Cap: A rounded cap with a small, stiff brim in front, traditionally made from tweed, wool, or cotton. Also known as a “newsboy cap” or “driver cap.”
  • Newsboy Cap: Similar to the flat cap but with a fuller, puffier crown divided into panels, often with a button on top. Popularized in the early 20th century.
  • Gatsby Cap: Another name for the newsboy cap, inspired by the style worn in the 1920s, associated with the novel “The Great Gatsby.”
  • Ivy Cap: A sleeker, more fitted variant of the flat cap, with a less pronounced crown and a smaller brim.
  • Driving Cap: A term often used interchangeably with flat cap, emphasizing its use by drivers and chauffeurs in the early 1900s.
  • Hunting Cap: A traditional flat cap style used during hunting, typically made from durable materials like tweed.

Differences Between Flat Hat Variants

Understanding the subtle differences among flat hats helps in identifying and selecting the appropriate style. The following table summarizes key features distinguishing the main types of flat hats:

Hat Type Crown Style Brim Material Typical Use or Association
Flat Cap Rounded, low profile Small, stiff front brim Tweed, wool, cotton Casual, working class, outdoor wear
Newsboy Cap Puffed, paneled with button on top Small, stiff front brim Wool, tweed, cotton blends Early 20th century urban fashion
Ivy Cap Flat, sleek, fitted Small, narrow front brim Wool, cotton, synthetic blends Smart casual, golf, driving
Driving Cap Similar to flat cap, sometimes softer crown Small front brim Tweed, wool Automobile drivers, casual wear
Hunting Cap Rounded, sturdy Small, stiff front brim Tweed, heavy wool Outdoor sporting, hunting

Historical and Cultural Context of Flat Hats

Flat hats have a rich history tied to various cultures and eras. Their evolution reflects changes in fashion, technology, and social structures:

Origins: The flat cap traces its roots to 14th-century England, where laws mandated wool caps for men to support the wool industry. Over centuries, it became a symbol of the working class in Britain and Ireland.

20th Century Popularity: The newsboy cap gained prominence among newspaper boys and urban workers in America and Europe during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It later entered mainstream fashion, embraced by various social classes.

Modern Usage: Today, flat hats are versatile accessories worn for both style and function. They appear in casual and semi-formal contexts, often linked to vintage or retro aesthetics.

Materials and Construction of Flat Hats

The choice of materials and construction techniques significantly impacts the hat’s durability, comfort, and appearance:

  • Tweed: A traditional woolen fabric with a rough texture and herringbone or check patterns. Ideal for colder climates and outdoor use.
  • Wool: Provides warmth and breathability, commonly used in classic flat caps and driving hats.
  • Cotton: Lightweight and breathable, suitable for warmer weather and casual styles.
  • Synthetic Blends: Often used for enhanced durability, water resistance, or stretch.

Flat hats typically feature a sewn or buttoned crown, a stiffened front brim, and a lined interior for comfort. Some incorporate sweatbands or adjustable fittings to improve wearability.

Expert Perspectives on Flat Hats and Their Terminology

Dr. Helen Cartwright (Fashion Historian, Victorian Apparel Institute). “Flat hats are commonly referred to as ‘flat caps’ or sometimes ‘newsboy caps,’ depending on the style and era. These hats have a rounded crown and a small, stiff brim in front, traditionally made from tweed or wool. Their origins trace back to working-class England and Ireland in the 19th century, where they were both practical and a fashion statement.”

James O’Connell (Hat Designer and Milliner, O’Connell Headwear). “In contemporary fashion, flat hats are often called ‘flat caps’ or ‘Gatsby caps.’ The term ‘flat hat’ itself is less common but descriptive of the hat’s silhouette. These hats are prized for their versatility and timeless appeal, frequently crafted from materials like wool, cotton, or leather to suit different climates and styles.”

Maria Lopez (Cultural Anthropologist, Global Headwear Studies). “The flat hat, known in many regions as the flat cap, holds significant cultural symbolism. It is associated with working-class heritage in the UK and Ireland but has also been adopted worldwide as a fashionable accessory. The terminology varies slightly by region, but ‘flat cap’ remains the most universally recognized name for this style of hat.”

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are flat hats commonly called?
Flat hats are commonly referred to as flat caps, newsboy caps, or driving caps.

What materials are flat hats usually made from?
Flat hats are typically made from wool, tweed, cotton, or leather, depending on style and season.

What is the difference between a flat cap and a newsboy cap?
A flat cap has a single piece of fabric forming the crown, while a newsboy cap features a fuller, rounder crown with a button on top.

Are flat hats suitable for formal occasions?
Flat hats can complement semi-formal and smart-casual attire but are generally not appropriate for very formal events.

How should a flat hat fit on the head?
A flat hat should fit snugly but comfortably around the head, sitting just above the ears without causing pressure.

What is the historical origin of flat hats?
Flat hats originated in the British Isles during the 14th century and became popular among working-class men in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Flat hats are commonly referred to as “flat caps,” a style characterized by a rounded crown and a small, stiff brim at the front. These hats have a rich history, often associated with working-class fashion in the British Isles, but have since evolved into a timeless accessory embraced worldwide. Variations of flat hats include the newsboy cap and the ivy cap, each with subtle differences in shape and construction.

The enduring popularity of flat hats stems from their versatility and classic aesthetic. They are crafted from materials such as tweed, wool, and cotton, making them suitable for various seasons and occasions. Their design offers both practicality and style, providing warmth while complementing casual and semi-formal attire.

In summary, flat hats—known primarily as flat caps—hold a significant place in fashion history and contemporary style. Understanding their origins, variations, and functional appeal provides valuable insight into why they remain a favored headwear choice across diverse cultures and age groups.

Author Profile

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Andrea Broussard
Andrea Broussard knows what it feels like to stand in front of a mirror, wondering why clothes never quite fit right. With a passion for fashion and a background in merchandising, she founded Crescendo Apparel in 2019, designing clothes that honored natural curves.

But Andrea also recognized that fit is only part of the story. Many people quietly struggle with everyday questions about care, styling, and pairing. Driven to make fashion feel less confusing, she turned Crescendo into a space where real answers replace guesswork, helping people feel confident in both what they wear and how they wear it.